Orange, sweet, and juicy, medium to large in size compared to other fruits, papaya contains small black seeds—more or fewer depending on the variety. It is widely known as a warm-climate fruit and highly valued for its health benefits.
Tracing its origins
LPapaya, scientifically known as Carica papaya, is a fruit native to Mexico and Central America. Indigenous peoples consumed it as part of their traditional diet, and after European contact it was introduced to the Old World. Today, papaya can be found in almost all tropical and subtropical regions around the world.
Papaya is known by many different names, as diverse as the countries where it grows. Some of them include: papaw in Australia, mamão in Brazil, and lechosa or fruta bomba in Cuba and other Spanish-speaking countries.
Nutritional contribution
In addition to being a delicious fruit, papaya provides a wide range of nutrients.
Among its main health benefits is improved digestion, thanks to its proteolytic enzymes—especially papain, which helps break down proteins and supports the digestion of heavy meals.
Its content of vitamin C and carotenoids (provitamin A and lycopene) contributes to antioxidant and protective action, helping to neutralize free radicals and protect the skin and other tissues.
Another outstanding characteristic is its high fiber and water content, making papaya an excellent ally in low-calorie diets when consumed as part of a balanced eating plan.
Global production and current situation
Papaya is predominantly a tropical fruit crop. According to FAO data and market analyses, global production reaches approximately 14–14.5 million tonnes. Among the main producing countries, India stands out as the world’s largest producer, with more than 5 million tonnes in 2023, followed by the Dominican Republic, Indonesia, and Mexico.
In Europe, per capita consumption remains relatively low, although papaya is cultivated in subtropical climates. The main production area is the Canary Islands (Spain), where Canary papaya is mainly grown in Tenerife and other islands. In recent years, production volumes have increased, reaching 22,660 tonnes in the 2024 season.
Although per capita consumption in Europe is still limited, growing demand for exotic fruits has driven an increase in imports.
In recent years, the global trend has shown moderate and steady growth, according to recent market studies.
Industrial uses
Papaya by-products have various industrial applications, particularly in cosmetics, where they are used in exfoliants, masks, and skin and hair care products due to their enzymes and antioxidants.
Another important application is in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors, where papain is used in wound debridement formulations, digestive supplements, and as a laboratory reagent thanks to its proteolytic capacity.
This same enzymatic capacity is also highly valuable in the textile, leather, and detergent industries, where proteases are required for fiber treatment and the removal of protein-based stains.
Papaya can therefore be seen not only as a sweet and juicy tropical fruit, but also as a valuable ally for heavy digestion. Thanks to its “superpower,” the enzyme papain, it helps us feel lighter after rich meals.As part of a balanced diet, papaya allows you to enjoy new flavors and adds variety that stimulates a healthy appetite.
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